What Happens During a Home Inspection (Room by Room)

A home inspection can feel intimidating, especially for first-time buyers. Understanding what inspectors look for, room by room, helps buyers stay calm, ask the right questions, and focus on what truly matters.

A home inspection is not about finding a perfect home. It is about understanding the home’s condition, safety, and future maintenance needs.

Exterior and Structure

Inspectors start outside. They examine the roof, siding, foundation, drainage, gutters, and grading around the home. Cracks, water pooling, roof wear, and signs of structural movement are noted.

Exterior issues matter because they often impact long-term durability and water intrusion.

Entryway and Living Areas

In main living spaces, inspectors check walls, ceilings, floors, windows, and doors. They look for signs of water damage, cracks, uneven floors, and window operation.

They also test light switches, outlets, and smoke detectors to ensure basic functionality and safety.

Kitchen

In the kitchen, inspectors focus on plumbing, electrical, and appliances. They test sinks, faucets, garbage disposals, and check for leaks under cabinets.

They also evaluate countertop condition, cabinet stability, and ventilation, especially around ranges and microwaves.

Bathrooms

Bathrooms receive close attention because of moisture exposure. Inspectors check toilets, showers, tubs, sinks, ventilation fans, and caulking.

Leaks, water pressure issues, and signs of mold or rot are commonly noted here.

Bedrooms

In bedrooms, inspectors confirm window operation and egress requirements. They check outlets, heating sources, and overall condition.

While bedrooms are usually straightforward, safety and proper exits are important factors.

Attic

The attic provides valuable insight into the home’s health. Inspectors look at insulation, ventilation, roof structure, and signs of leaks or pests.

Poor ventilation or insulation can lead to moisture problems and energy inefficiency.

Basement or Crawl Space

These areas reveal potential foundation, moisture, and drainage issues. Inspectors look for water intrusion, cracks, and structural concerns.

This is often where hidden problems are discovered.

HVAC, Electrical, and Plumbing Systems

Inspectors test heating and cooling systems, electrical panels, wiring, outlets, and visible plumbing lines. They note system age, condition, and any safety issues.

These systems are critical because repairs can be costly.

What Buyers Should Focus On

Not every issue is a deal-breaker. Inspectors typically note minor maintenance items alongside more serious concerns. Buyers should focus on safety issues, structural problems, water damage, and major system defects.

Understanding which items matter most helps buyers negotiate wisely.

The Bottom Line

A home inspection provides clarity, not perfection. Knowing what happens during the inspection helps buyers feel prepared and confident.

When buyers understand the process, they are better equipped to move forward, renegotiate, or walk away if necessary.